![]() Gosset worked at the Guinness Brewery in Dublin, Ireland, and was interested in the problems of small samples – for example, the chemical properties of barley where sample sizes might be as few as 3. However, the T-Distribution, also known as Student's T Distribution gets its name from William Sealy Gosset who was first to published the result in English in his 1908 paper titled "The Probable Error of a Mean" (in Biometrika) using his pseudonym "Student" because his employer preferred their staff to use pen names when publishing scientific papers instead of their real name, so he used the name "Student" to hide his identity. The t-distribution also appeared in a more general form as Pearson Type IV distribution in Karl Pearson's 1895 paper. In statistics, the t-distribution was first derived as a posterior distribution in 1876 by Helmert and Lüroth. The term " t-statistic" is abbreviated from "hypothesis test statistic". It is also used along with p-value when running hypothesis tests where the p-value tells us what the odds are of the results to have happened. For example, the t-statistic is used in estimating the population mean from a sampling distribution of sample means if the population standard deviation is unknown. It is very similar to the z-score but with the difference that t-statistic is used when the sample size is small or the population standard deviation is unknown. The t-statistic is used in a t-test to determine whether to support or reject the null hypothesis. It is used in hypothesis testing via Student's t-test. In statistics, the t-statistic is the ratio of the departure of the estimated value of a parameter from its hypothesized value to its standard error. JSTOR ( April 2020) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message).Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ![]() Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. This article needs additional citations for verification. ![]()
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